Introduction
The interview is the most important step in the certification process for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) as it serves several key functions. It is an opportunity to ensure the SNAP application is complete, to engage with applicants to fully understand their household circumstances, and to provide the assistance needed to understand their responsibilities in the certification process. This toolkit focuses on SNAP interviews, requirements and best practices. The interview also offers the opportunity to engage with households about needs beyond SNAP and to offer other state services that may be of assistance such as cash assistance, childcare or referrals to other supports that might address household concerns.
Eligibility workers play an essential role in ensuring people in need get the benefits to which they are entitled while preserving and protecting the integrity of the SNAP program. During the interview, eligibility workers:
- Discuss aspects of the application that the household did not complete.
- Screen household members for exemptions from certain SNAP rules.
- Identify and resolve questionable or inconsistent information.
- Explain complex rules to the household and answer questions.
- Explain household rights and responsibilities.
- Identify all verification requirements and assist the household in obtaining needed verification.
The following assumptions apply throughout this toolkit, unless otherwise indicated:
- The term “applicant” or “household member” includes authorized representatives.
- The interview requirements apply to both applications for initial certification and recertification, at least once every 12 months.
- This guide applies exclusively to SNAP requirements.
Purpose of the Toolkit
The purpose of this toolkit is to be a resource for state SNAP agencies as they seek to improve their interview processes. The toolkit summarizes SNAP interview policy and highlights best practices. It is a resource for state SNAP agencies as you conduct interviews, train staff, and/or look for ways to improve your interview processes.
In general, it provides the following:
- Regulatory basis for SNAP interviews.
- Requirements and best practices for each step in the interview process.
- Options and flexibilities states have in administering interviews, including available waivers.
This toolkit does not provide new or modified policy guidance. It was originally published in March 2023 and was updated in June 2025 to include screening for non-citizen requirements and other updates.
Key Points
- States are required to perform interviews at initial certification and at least once every 12 months thereafter for recertification.
- The interview is critical to ensure clients receive accurate benefits.
- States can use policy and administrative choices to target interviews, create efficiency, and improve customer service.