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Resource | Research and Data WIC Participant Access to Authorized Vendors Study - Part 1

This study is a two-part series designed to provide insight into the current geographic coverage and density of WIC retailers across the United States and to assist states in ensuring they are providing adequate participant access to WIC foods in their communities.

12/02/2025
Data Visualization
SNAP Retailer Management Year End Summary FY 2024

This dashboard was created to share information about Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program retailer participation during fiscal year 2024. 

07/10/2025
Data Visualization
SNAP Household Characteristics Dashboard

This dashboard describes the economic and demographic characteristics of households participating in SNAP by state and over time, as well as SNAP participation rates by state and by household characteristic.

06/13/2025
Resource | Research and Data | Assessing/Improving Operations NSLP Direct Certification Study: State Practices and Performance Report

This report uses statistical modeling techniques to assess the relationship between direct certification performance and specific State practices, seeking best practices and providing recommendations for States to use when developing their Continuous Improvement Plans.

01/27/2015
Resource | Research and Data | Participation Rates Trends in the FSP Participation Rates: Focus on 1999 to 2001

This report is the latest in a series on trends in Food Stamp Program participation rates based on the March Current Population Survey. This report focuses on changes in rates from 1999 to 2001. Two sets of participation rates are presented: one for September and the other an average for each fiscal year. The September participation rates provide a point-in-time estimate whereas the FY rates provide an average rate over the course of a year.

07/01/2003
Resource | Research and Data | Payment Accuracy and Program Integrity A Comparison of WIC Vendor Management Practices in 1991 and 1998

FNS published “The WIC Vendor Management Study, 1998” in July 2001 which examined, in part, the extent to which retail grocers, defined as WIC “vendors” were violating program rules and regulations. The 1998 study is a follow-up to the “WIC Vendor Issues Study, 1991” published by FNS in May 1993. 

05/01/2003
Resource | Research and Data | Payment Accuracy and Program Integrity WIC Vendor Management Study - 1998

The purpose of the study was to learn the extent to which retail grocers, defined as "vendors" in the WIC Program, authorized to provide food to WIC participants, were violating program rules and procedures, and to determine which programmatic and/or demographic variables could be associated with vendor violations.

07/01/2001
Page updated: September 16, 2025