This report describes findings from the evaluation of the Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Pilot Program conducted during the 2010– 2011 school year. The evaluation had two components: (1) an impact study to estimate program impacts on participating elementary students and schools; and (2) an implementation study to examine how the FFVP operates in the selected elementary schools.

In response to rising caseloads and limited resources, states have sought to reduce administrative costs while maintaining or increasing access to the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). The changes states have made are commonly referred to as modernization, not privatization. Modernization decisions are influenced by a variety of factors that vary by state. This report presents in-depth case studies in five states with modernization initiatives in place between July 2000 and February 2012 to describe their experiences, assess potential impacts, and identify key lessons learned.

The Early Implementation Report addresses the processes involved in implementing and operating HIP, focusing on the early implementation period, from pilot inception to March 2012.

This report offers updated estimates of the population that met these criteria and was eligible for WIC benefits in 2010. This report includes (1) estimates of the number of eligibles (including children by single year of age) and coverage rates; (2) updated estimates in U.S. territories; and (3) confidence intervals.

The purpose of this study was to examine how to define “adequacy” of SNAP allotments objectively in the context of program goals to improve food security and access to a healthy diet, existing data sources that could inform an assessment of the adequacy of existing and potential alternative SNAP allotments, and new data requirements to strengthen the evidence-base and allow for further rigorous analyses.