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Resource | Research and Data | General/Other National and State-Level Estimates of WIC Eligibility and Program Reach in 2023

This report, the latest in an annual series, presents 2023 national and state-level estimates of the number of people eligible to receive benefits provided through the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children and the percentage of the eligible population and the general U.S. population participating in the program.

12/04/2025
Basic page Report Series - National and State-Level Estimates of WIC Eligibility and Program Reach

This series of annual reports presents national and state-level estimates of the number of people eligible to receive WIC benefits and the percentage of the eligible population and the general U.S. population participating in WIC.

12/04/2025
Resource | Research and Data WIC Participant Access to Authorized Vendors Study - Part 1

This study is a two-part series designed to provide insight into the current geographic coverage and density of WIC retailers across the United States and to assist states in ensuring they are providing adequate participant access to WIC foods in their communities.

12/02/2025
Basic page Report Series - WIC Participant Access to Authorized Vendors Study

The WIC Participant Access to Vendors study series is designed to provide insight into the geographic coverage and density of WIC vendors across the United States and to assist states in ensuring they are providing adequate participant access to WIC foods in their communities.

12/02/2025
Resource | Research and Data Benefit Redemption Patterns in SNAP - FY 2022

We periodically examine how SNAP households use their monthly EBT benefits, including number of purchase transactions per month, average purchase amount, types of retailers frequented, and rate at which households exhaust their benefits over the month. This study, the fourth in the series, was done to assess monthly EBT redemption patterns during FY 2022 when SNAP EBT benefits were much larger than usual due to pandemic funding. By FY 2022, SNAP households could also use SNAP EBT to purchase groceries from authorized online retailers, so we analyzed benefits redeemed through online purchasing.

 

05/13/2025
Basic page Report Series - Benefit Redemption Patterns in SNAP

We periodically examine SNAP benefit redemption patterns related to the timing, number, and dollar amount of transactions and the rate at which households spend down and exhaust their monthly benefits. These studies also report on the number of transactions made and the share of benefits redeemed at various types of stores.  

05/13/2025
Resource | Research and Data Child Nutrition Program Operations During the COVID-19 Pandemic - July 2021 through September 2022

This data collection fulfills states' reporting requirements and describes trends in program participation during the COVID-19 pandemic from July 2021 through September 2022. It is part of an ongoing study series examining child nutrition program operations, repurposed to collect waiver usage and trends in program participation and operations during the pandemic.

03/18/2025
Resource | Research and Data Characteristics of Emergency Shelters Participating in the CACFP

This report describes the first national study of emergency shelters participating in CACFP. The objective of this study was to gain a general understanding of the characteristics of CACFP emergency shelters, who they serve, how CACFP fits into their operations, and their challenges with CACFP.

12/19/2024
Resource | Research and Data FY 2021-2023 Report to Congress on Reducing Barriers to Food Access

This Report to Congress from USDA responds to a requirement established by the 2018 Farm Bill to address requirements to coordinate efforts within USDA to reduce barriers to food access. USDA has identified FNS as the Food Access Liaison to coordinate efforts and annually respond to this request. The report describes activities that occurred from October 2020 through September 2023 to reduce barriers to food access given the last such annual report submitted in March 2021 covered fiscal year 2020

11/12/2024
Resource | Research and Data SNAP Language Access Study

These studies examine the policies and procedures in SNAP and the three NAP programs. The first report includes results of a survey of states regarding language access and procedures. The second is a report on case-studies of the give in-depth details of language access policies in four states. The final report examines the language access policies in the NAP programs in American Samoa, The Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, and Puerto Rico. 

10/30/2024
Page updated: September 16, 2025